Elements of Graphic Design
In our daily life when we step out of the door and look around, we notice varieties of advertising boards on several places, pamphlets and movie posters stuck on the walls, different types of guiding sign-on shopping malls, wall painted artwork. Above all, these all are conveying specific messages, understood by the viewer. Every viewer has different tastes and preferences, so they show interest in different products. Advertisements make it easier for both the seller and the respective buyer to reach that product, and here come the Elements of Graphic Design.
As we know visual things create more impression and attention than hearing. In other words, design is the visual solution, easily understood by the audience. Graphic design is the art of creating visual content to communicate a specific message and a GRAPHIC DESIGNER is a person who creates these designs using computer software or by hand. The graphic Designer’s job is to create a visual concept that solves the client’s problem as well as create an impact on the audience.
To implement or work on a design, you first have to know the Elements of Graphic Design. It is necessary to understand the Elements of Graphic Design as it will guide you to construct the designs.
• Line
Use to organize, connect, divide, decorate, create patterns, and more. It is the most basic yet essential element varied in shape, size, variation. It emphasizes, guides the eyes, and draws attention.
• Shape
Everything is ultimately a shape. All objects are composed of shapes and all visual elements are shapes in some way. The shape is derived from nature. It is of three types-
Geometric Shape – An enclosed figure made by joining lines. Shapes like round, rectangle, triangle, or square are easy to create and enhance the layout, commonly used in presentation and infographics.
Organic Shape – Organic shapes are hand-drawn/free-form shapes that have blunt smooth edges.
Abstract Shape –Abstract shapes are irregular shapes that can be used to add symbolism or variety to design. It creates negative space and balance in design.
• Form
Creating 3D objects by using shadow or color in a flat design. It can be both geometric (cube, cone, sphere) and organic (cloud, mountain, trees).
• Texture
To draw viewers’ attention and engage them in many subconscious ways. Using textures in graphic design adds depth and visual effect. It can be actual or visual. The three types of texture are-
Pattern Texture – Repetition of lines or shape in texture.
Image Texture – It is mostly used in the background.
Surface Texture – It refers to the surface quality in an artwork. It describes things as being rough, smooth, silky, shiny, fuzzy, and so on.
• Space
Used to group or separate elements. However, It should be used very carefully as too much or too little space can lead to poor design. These are –
White/Negative/Empty Space – Negative space is a kind of breathing room for all the objects on the page or screen. It reduces clutter and gives a tidy look to the composition
Depth/3D Space – Creating depth by placing different objects in perspective.
• Color
Colors play one of the biggest roles in graphic design. It indicates some sort of sign, message, and emotion. Colors define mood, gesture, and professionalism. Color is to be chosen carefully as it may convey the wrong message to the audience. For instance, Red color can associate both love and anger. Another example is not to use bright colors when designing products for children as it may affect their eyes. To understand the color relation and color contrast we must use the color wheel. Read more..
• Typography
Typography is an art and technique of arranging letters and characters. It is the detail in the composition that adds interest. Mismatch of text style with the composition would fail to gain attention. It is a medium of communication that conveys a certain mood or feeling. The use of typography connects viewers more to the subject. We can see typography everywhere, in logo, website, branding, and packaging, for featuring and describing the products. Read more..
In conclusion, each and every element will help you to construct a good design. Try to experiment with these while making designs. Look around yourself but from a design perspective, derive each element, study those and apply it in your design.
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